Buses are a practical way to travel round and see the main cities, and Lisbon
has an extensive network. When boarding the bus, enter at the front door and
exit by the central door.

Tickets may be bought from the driver on boarding and are clipped by the (obliterador)  machine near the driver. However, it is
cheaper to buy tickets beforehand, usually for two journeys. Travelling
without a valid ticket, if discovered by roaming inspectors, will incur a
hefty fine. Every bus (autocarro)  displays its destination
(destino)  at the front and most bus stops (paragens)  have information about the route that the bus will
take.

Lisbon’s Metro network has four lines, mainly on the north-south axis; it is
set to expand further north and west. It is the most efficient way to get
around, especially during rush hour (8–10am and 5:30–8pm). The Metro
operates between 6am and 1am.

Tickets are bought in machines or from ticket offices at the stations. They
must be validated on entering the platform area and on leaving the station.
In most stations, there are now gates that open on insertion of a valid
ticket, or there is a small stamping machine to use. Fines for travelling
without a valid ticket are severe. For further information, visit
www.metrolisboa.pt

In Oporto, Cityrama  runs city tours at least twice a week,
and more often in summer. They include a visit to a port lodge with tasting
(see Vila Nova de Gaia).
Tickets are sold at the Cityrama office, and the tourist office in Praça Dom
João I, from where the buses depart. Cityrama runs a once-weekly tour of
Coimbra. They have no office there, but the tourist office can take bookings
and enquiries, and the bus departs from just outside.

Fun ways of exploring Lisbon are by tram (eléctrico) ,
funicular or lift (both elevador ), while Oporto has one
short tram route along the waterfront. In Lisbon, Carris 
runs a “hill tour” (Linha das Colinas)  by antique
tramcar.

Funiculars offer wonderful views over Lisbon (as well as saving tired legs)
and there are a variety that ascend from river level up to the Bairro Alto:
the Elevador da Bica starts near Cais do Sodré station and the Elevador da
Glória goes from Praça dos Restauradores. Although the lifts in the Elevador
de Santa Justa remain open to visitors using the café at the top, closure of
the walkway for works means the lift does not currently link the Baixa with
the Bairro Alto.

The Elevador da Lavra climbs from Praça dos Restauradores up to the Hospital
São José.

Taxis have traditionally been black with a green roof, but these have been
phased out in favour of a beige livery. They are relatively cheap and if you
share the cost it sometimes works out cheaper than a bus or tram. Vacant
taxis have their rooftop “taxi” signs switched on, but it is sometimes
difficult to see if they are lit. From behind, they glow counter-intuitively
red. The green lights indicate that the taxi is taken; two green lights mean
that the higher rate is being charged (10pm–6am, weekends and public
holidays), one that the normal rate applies. A flat rate of €1.60 is charged
for any luggage placed in the trunk.

The starting rate for a taxi hailed in the street or taken at a taxi rank is
€2.50. A telephone callout from a firm such as Autocoope 
costs an extra €0.75. The meter should always be used, although the driver
might suggest agreeing on a price beforehand for very long trips.

Buses, trams and funiculars accept the same tickets, which can be bought from
any Carris kiosk. The basic multitrip Carris ticket is for two journeys and
valid for an unlimited number of days. Other options are 1- and 3-day
tickets. The Metro has its own system. Choose between a single-trip (€0.70)
or a two-trip ticket (€1), or a ten-trip ticket (€6.65) valid for an
unlimited number of days. There are also 30-day passes; combined
Carris/Metro 1-day tickets (€3.30); and 5-day Carris/Metro tickets (€13.20).
Bring your ID to buy them.